The Camera - A Brief Early History of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)'s Primary Component (BCE-1800s)*

Advancements in camera technology include the invention of the CCTV.

Closed-circuit television or CCTV has been around for decades. Early users of this technology include law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom (UK), as well as in the United States (US). However, the link between CCTV and crime control has its roots in the history of camera technology in various formats, particularly photography, motion pictures (broadcast television and film), and multimedia.

The Influence of Media on Human Sexuality, Culture, Gender Issues, and Same-Sex Marriage

Media's global power lies in the hands of sexual humans.

The definition of human sexuality carries a broad spectrum of human experiences. However, reproduction is its core activity (Benagiano & Mori, 2009, p. 50). With the multiplication of sexual human species, a sexual human culture has evolved (Kauth, 2006). 

Culture's birth among humans has introduced the concepts of "gender" and "social reproduction". Referring to feminist studies, Laslett and Brenner (1989) explained that gender as a cultural construction based on biological sexual differences between men and women, while social reproduction refers to individual dispositions and functions aimed at maintaining everyday life and sustaining generations (p. 382). 

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and the Use of Medical Transcription Services

Systematize electronic health records with the use of technology.

The impact of technology in the field of medicine goes beyond improved drugs and sophisticated equipment to treat ill patients. Certainly, it has also influenced hospital administration and clinic management.

For people who are involved in private practice and/or working for a medical institution, digital technology has facilitated documentation of a patient's medical history. Installing an electronic health record (EHR) system, however, is quite costly. Thus, many hospitals and clinicians still rely on paper-based records.

Factors Behind Paid Work and Personal Life Balance

Work-life balance is a person's ability to handle the demands of various roles.

Work-life stress has a negative effect on employee productivity. According to Linda Duxbury et al.'s An Examination of the Implications and Costs of Work-Life Conflict in Canada (1999), how a worker resolves or handles stress is based on several factors. These include:

• Gender

Though they may adopt similar means to address work-life conflicts, Duxbury and colleagues (1999) that men and women have difference when dealing with work-life issues. Women, for instance, tend to be emotional, while men get physically ill when stressed.

The researchers add that the socialization process has an impact on individual responses to work-life stress. For women employees, this could mean doing domestic and caregiving tasks, as well as performing jobs with little control. Thus, gender stereotypes can affect the source of stress for women (and men). 

Public Health and Consumer Care*

The health of the public and of the consumers is a global concern.

The progress of any nation is affected when its people's productivity is hindered by ill health. Thus, one of the key concerns that state governments should address is public health.

With its aim to end poverty by 2015, the United Nations (UN) implemented an eight-point program called Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000. The MDGs underline the imperative of good and sustainable public health for all people across the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) (2007) emphasizes the need to combat diseases that undermine the health of workers, families, and children in order to overcome poverty.